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Islam Through Western Eyes: From the Crusades to the War on Terrorism, by Jonathan Lyons
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Despite the West's growing involvement in Muslim societies, conflicts, and cultures, its inability to understand or analyze the Islamic world threatens any prospect for East–West rapprochement. Impelled by one thousand years of anti-Muslim ideas and images, the West has failed to engage in any meaningful or productive way with the world of Islam. Formulated in the medieval halls of the Roman Curia and courts of the European Crusaders and perfected in the newsrooms of Fox News and CNN, this anti-Islamic discourse determines what can and cannot be said about Muslims and their religion, trapping the West in a dangerous, dead-end politics that it cannot afford.
In Islam Through Western Eyes, Jonathan Lyons unpacks Western habits of thinking and writing about Islam, conducting a careful analysis of the West's grand totalizing narrative across one thousand years of history. He observes the discourse's corrosive effects on the social sciences, including sociology, politics, philosophy, theology, international relations, security studies, and human rights scholarship. He follows its influence on research, speeches, political strategy, and government policy, preventing the West from responding effectively to its most significant twenty-first-century challenges: the rise of Islamic power, the emergence of religious violence, and the growing tension between established social values and multicultural rights among Muslim immigrant populations.
Through the intellectual "archaeology" of Michel Foucault, Lyons reveals the workings of this discourse and its underlying impact on our social, intellectual, and political lives. He then addresses issues of deep concern to Western readers―Islam and modernity, Islam and violence, and Islam and women―and proposes new ways of thinking about the Western relationship to the Islamic world.
- Sales Rank: #157025 in Books
- Published on: 2014-01-14
- Released on: 2014-01-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x .62" w x 6.00" l, .79 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 272 pages
From Booklist
Lyons regards Pope Urban II’s address to the Council of Clermont in 1095, launching the First Crusade, as a defining moment in the West’s view of Islam. Prior to that time, the West had little, if any, idea of Islam. Lyons argues that Urban’s speech began an anti-Islam discourse that has continued intact and unabated in the West ever since. Developed and perpetuated by elites in the church, Western governments, the academy, and the present-day media for their own social, political, and economic advancement, it is a discourse that presents Islam as irrational, violent, immoral, and set on the West’s destruction. Unless the West changes its internal dialogue, its encounter with Islam will not allow for negotiation, only violence. Academic in accent, accessible, and at times tinged with contempt and bitterness, Lyons’ work nevertheless offers an excellent and engaging opportunity for critical self-reflection. Although the influence of the media, the imprimatur of the academy, and government spin cannot be underestimated, Lyons should also recognize that decent non-elites might not be so easily duped. --Christopher McConnell
Review
A useful corrective to the powerful voices of those who intersperse claims of Islam's innate bloodthirstiness with advocacy for suppression of the rights of Muslims at home and abroad.
(Publishers Weekly)Lyons takes a chisel to the ancient and venerable edifice that is the anti-Islam discourse and patiently chips away, hoping to demolish what he considers the chief obstacle obscuring the West's view of real-life Islam and Muslims.
(Rayyan Al-Shawaf Boston Globe)[Islam Through Western Eyes] offers an excellent and engaging opportunity for critical self-reflection.
(Booklist)Lyons has made a very significant contribution to the study of Islam and Muslims in the 21st century across disciplines...A must read for those interested in the subject.
(Choice)Jonathan Lyons offers a very readable and thought-provoking account of the roots and characteristics of Islamophobia. This book should be added to the reading lists of undergraduate and graduate courses on contemporary world affairs and American foreignpolicy.
(Cemil Aydin H-Diplo) Review
This is a first-class book: original, significant, and a very timely contribution. Despite the importance of the topic, especially today, I can think of no other study that offers so comprehensive, persuasive, and engaging an analysis.
(John L. Esposito, Georgetown University, author of What Everyone Needs to Know About Islam)Jonathan Lyons joins the wisdom of a scholar with the knowledge of a journalist in a timely and necessary book. A much-needed light unto the gentiles wishing to understand the truth and consequences of the Arab Spring.
(Lewis H. Lapham, editor, Lapham's Quarterly)Islam Through Western Eyes is as timely as it is informative, helping us understand the history of understanding―and misunderstanding―between Muslims and non-Muslims over the centuries, patterns that continue today. This is a book that should be read by people of all faiths, not only for edification but also for healing in a religiously fractured world.
(Mark Juergensmeyer, author of Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from Christian Militias to al Qaeda)Most helpful customer reviews
7 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
If you've read Said, read this
By Calvini
If you're anything like me, you never let ignorance about a topic prevent you from having an opinion about that very topic. And not only having an opinion, holding fast to that opinion. A study by Philip Tetlock suggests that this is not only my--and maybe your--character flaw; it is also a plague that afflicts political and social scientists. Tetlock found that when it comes to prediction about global or political events, average folks are, on average, better than experts.
Jonathan Lyons argues convincingly in Islam Through Western Eyes that our Middle East experts suffer from a similar blindness. Their portrait--what Lyons, following Foucault, calls "discourse"--of Muslims is not only inaccurate and groundless, it has been consistently so for a thousand years. In the eleventh century, propaganda for the First Crusade called Muslims violent, savage, and sub-human. The Orientalists added complexity and nuance to the same picture. The post-9/11 Bush presidency revisited the same language.
A thousand years is a long time to get something absolutely wrong.
Lyons is not out to debunk the anti-Islam discourse necessarily; his chief purpose, it seems, it to explain how pervasive and powerful it is. In so doing, Lyons hopes to suspend it or "turn it on itself."
This, to me, is the chief virtue of the book. Typical books about Islam fall into affirming or denying the anti-Islam discourse. In the former: Glenn Beck, Daniel Pipes, Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Niall Ferguson, and Geert Wilders. In the latter: well, I can't think of anyone. I can think of folks, mostly liberals or themselves Muslim, who have argued against the assertions of the anti-Muslim discourse: Muslims are violent, sexually depraved, despotically chauvinistic, and anti-science.
Lyons does engage in some myth-busting, but his primary thrust is not to debunk the anti-Islam discourse, but to show us that it is there. This is a powerful form of argument, and no less rooted in fact than a study of, for instance, Tetlock's type. It is, in fact, an argument that functions in the same way as the anti-Islam discourse--a powerful narrative.
1 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
A joy to read
By ramiz nadhmi
Very objectively written, highly informative and easy to read. It demolishes all bigoted views of Islam. Highly recommended.
3 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
More historical erudition than current reality
By Gderf
This features the Islamic roles in science, violence and status of women. It starts with the roles of Gregory VII, Peter the Venerable and many others. There's a very interesting introduction to the philosophy of Michael Foucault. Lyon easily demolishes the thinking of Urban II and the similar ideas of George Bush. He's not so effective with the more modern ideas of Bernard Lewis and Thomas Friedman.
There is very good capsule history of many episodes of the Arabic, Ottoman and Safavid empires. Lyons covers the spirit of jihad that spread Islam in the seventh century. The section on violence is very very weak, especially if meant to whitewash the anti-American attitude of Muslim nations. "Why do they hate us?" is not as meaningless as Lyons purports it to be. The claim is rather a subterfuge to avoid consideration.
Lyons never quite contends convincingly with the realism expressed by Samuel Huntington taken from Wikededia: "Islam's borders are bloody and so are its innards. The fundamental problem for the West is not Islamic fundamentalism. It is Islam, a different civilization whose people are convinced of the superiority of their culture and are obsessed with the inferiority of their power " ---- Huntington's 1998 text The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order.
Many of the essays in "Islamophobia" of the Current Controversy Series contain a more realistic down to earth view than contained in this erudite study.
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